Kirchhoffs Current Law Essay Example

Kirchhoffs Current Law Paper In 1845, a German physicist, Gustav Kirchoff built up a couple or set of rules or laws which manage the preservation of flow and vitality inside electrical circuits. These two principles are ordinarily known as: Kirchoffs Circuit Laws with one of Kirchof’s laws managing the current streaming around a shut circuit, Kirchoffs Current Law, (KCL) while the other law manages the voltage sources present in a shut circuit, Kirchoffs Voltage Law, (KVL). Kirchoff’s first law that is KCL states that the all out current or charge entering an intersection or hub is actually equivalent to the charge leaving the hub as it has no other spot to go but to leave, as no charge is lost inside the hub. At the end of the day the arithmetical entirety of the considerable number of flows entering and leaving a hub must be equivalent to zero. This thought by Kirchoff is ordinarily known as the Conservation of Charge. The term hub in an electrical circuit for the most part alludes to an association or intersection of at least two flow conveying ways or components, for example, links and segments. Additionally for current to stream either in or out of a hub a shut circuit way should exist. We can utilize Kirchoffs current law when breaking down equal circuits. Kirchoff’s second law that is KVL states that in any shut circle organize, the all out voltage around the circle is equivalent to the entirety of all the voltage drops inside a similar circle which is likewise equivalent to zero. As it were the arithmetical entirety of all voltages inside the circle must be equivalent to zero. This thought by Kirchoff is known as the Conservation of Energy. Remark: All the estimation of result in the analysis was terribly near the hypothetical worth and accordingly, in this piece of the trial it shows that the KVL and KCL are valid and can be applied. We will compose a custom paper test on Kirchhoffs Current Law explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Kirchhoffs Current Law explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Kirchhoffs Current Law explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Conversation 1. From try Part A,B,and C we had Vsupply = 10.02 V .A blunder was happened in light of the fact that Vsupplys should 10.0 v.This is on the grounds that the instrumental mistake was occurred.So,to defeated this problem,the understudies should be capable utilize the instrument accurately and the specialist should keep instrument optimized.When we doing pragmatic for section A ,wedoes not have numerous issue ,this on the grounds that the target for this test we have totally accomplish . Be that as it may, supreme blunder was occurred.For the example,experiment A set 1 a flat out mistake was occurred,Absolute blunder is distinctive between the normal worth and the deliberate worth. e= Yn-Xn where e=absolute error Yn= expected value Xn=measured valueâ e=10.02-10.0 =0.02v Error in percentage:â % error= e/Yn (100) = 0.02/10.02 (100) = 1.99% 2.Beside that, when we run our examination, we generally have distinctive speculation to show signs of improvement result.Thus, the gross blunder was happened. Model, we have erroneous perusing when we estimated the multimeter. Additionally, parallax blunder ought to be thought about. Parallax blunder is the mistake that human make when taking a perusing from any gadget where our eyes are not opposite to the scale perusing. To conquer this issue, we deliberately read the scale perusing to limit any fault. 3.Next, the issue that our gathering have come to confront is off base perusing of the multimeter, voltmeter and ammeter. We speculated that the flaw was brought about by the instrument itself. To conquer this issue, we take in any event three separate perusing to get better reading. Conclusion From the test that we had led, we had for all intents and purposes use Kirchoff Law to decide the voltage drop, voltage provided, current for every resistor in arrangement and equal circuit. References http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/dccircuits/dcp_4.html

Moral Influence in Great Expectations Essay

Show the Moral Influence on Pip in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations Symbolism as it is utilized in writing plans to extend the inner parts of an individual’s character through the outer perspectives as a general rule. Charles Dickens, in his novel, Great Expectations utilizes imagery so as to reflect other individuals’ moral effect on Pip. Consider for instance the accompanying examples. In the novel’s introductory section, one is given the character of Pip who is portrayed as a vagrant with a clear creative mind. As he describes his underlying encounters throughout everyday life, Pip specifies that his â€Å"most clear and wide impression of the personality of things, seems†¦to have been picked up on a noteworthy crude evening towards evening† (Dickens, 1992, p. 3). It was during tonight that Pip met the convict, Magwitch. The utilization of imagery in his experience with Magwitch is obvious as Pip’s starting prologue to the disgusting parts of man’s nature, as Magwitch, happened during the progress from day to night. One sees here how Dicken’s utilizes the move from day to night as a methods for moving the mind-set inside the novel so that will set up the peruser for his experience with a person who is in control of a sketchy good character. Also, one sees here the way through which Magwitch’s moral character influences Pip’s moral mien as Pip was acquainted with submitting ethically faulty activities through his possibility experience with Magwitch. Instead of the utilization of haziness as a methods for representing the improper parts of man, Dickens additionally utilizes the light as a methods for representing the ethical parts of man. For instance, one is given Pip’s introductory experience with Estella. Estella, which truly implies star, is introduced as a ‘angelic’ being who moves Pip to want for the better things throughout everyday life. Reference Dickens, C. (1992). Extraordinary Expectations. London: Wordsworth Editions, 1992.

Objectives and Goals of an Organization-Free-Sample for Students

Questions: 1.Explain the Planning Process embraced by Managers in Organizations. 2.Provide a concise outline of Ferguson Plarres Organizational History. 3.Describe Ferguson Plarres way to deal with objective setting. 4.How does Ferguson Plarre track progress toward objective accomplishment. Answers: 1.Planning procedure in an association alludes to characterizing the destinations and objectives of an association that would coordinate the associations future. It additionally includes deciding the strategic the association and the assets that would be required in accomplishing the objective. Arranging process by the authoritative directors likewise include vital arranging that has helped a few associations to accomplish their goals and benefits. The vital arranging procedure of an association is based upon the pyramid of hierarchical turn of events (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2014). Subsequently, the administrators of the associations not just spotlight on the item/administration and market development yet in addition on the assets, hierarchical culture, operational framework and the board of the authoritative frameworks. The significant advances engaged with the board arranging process are as per the following: Building up objectives: The underlying advance of the arranging procedure includes recognizable proof of the objectives and destinations of the association. This procedure includes definite examination and assessment of the objectives and targets of an association. This likewise requires referencing the explanation behind choosing the specific objective and the foreseen results. The destinations are required to be estimated in either subjective or quantitative terms (Harper 2015). Distinguishing proof of assets: It is vital for the chiefs to recognize the basic assets regarding fund and HR that would be required in the finishing of the venture. For example, the supervisors are required to distinguish the quantity of sales reps and bookkeepers would be required to effectively finish an undertaking. Setting up assignments identified with the objectives: The administrators are liable for partner the errands with its accomplishments so as to accomplish the objectives of an association. The administrators are required to layout the different exercises or errands that will help in meeting the targets or objectives of an association. For example, the supervisor may expand the quantity of representatives working in the business group so as to meet the target of the association. Organize the errands: The hierarchical directors are required to organize the significant assignments with the goal that they can be finished first. The supervisors are required to recognize the succession in which the errands must be done so as to proficiently accomplish the authoritative objectives. The most significant assignments must be done first and the least significant errand must be done at the last (Baker 2014). Make courses of events: The hierarchical administrators are required to recognize the time required in finishing an assignment and choose the cutoff times in like manner. The administrator is required to mull over the capacities of the workers and the time required to finish the assignments before setting up the cutoff times. Assessment of the advancement: The authoritative supervisors are required to choose the technique for assessment and assess the advancement of the assignments appropriately. This should be possible by looking after week after week, month to month or quarterly advancement reports of the workers. The advancement report causes the administrators to known the advancement of the associations towards the accomplishment of the goals (Jeston and Nelis 2014). Distinguishing choices: There are numerous vulnerabilities associated with the business condition. In this way, the hierarchical administrators are required to keep up an emergency course of action in case of disappointment of the genuine arrangement. The supervisors are required to recognize elective plans at all the phases of wanting to guarantee the general accomplishment of the association (Booth 2015). Aside from the means included is the arranging procedure, a hierarchical supervisor is required to guarantee manageable achievement of an association by similarly underlining on the practical accomplishment of the association. The different advances associated with the key arranging are as per the following: Ecological output: This includes distinguishing proof and examination of the market just as the imminent clients. The directors are required to investigate the contenders just as the progressing patterns in the market. All these will guarantee the effective achievement of the errands. Authoritative evaluation: This progression includes distinguishing the hierarchical culture, operational framework, markets, items and the administration arrangement of the association. Goals of key issues: This progression includes distinguishing the issues inside the association and discovering approaches to determine the issues. Vital marketable strategy: This procedure includes the standard advances that are considered in the arranging procedure. This progression includes recognizable proof of the objectives and targets of the association. This procedure additionally includes point by point investigation and assessment of the objectives and destinations of an association. It is exceptionally vital for the directors to recognize the fundamental assets regarding money and HR that would be required in the finishing of the task. The hierarchical supervisors are required to characterize the strategic, objectives and targets of the association (Shanahan 2013). Planning: The hierarchical chiefs are required to recognize the manners by which the monetary assets will be put resources into the accomplishment of the authoritative arrangement. The hierarchical supervisors are required to change over the arrangement into money related terms. The supervisors are required to deal with the arrangement as per the accessible assets or financial plan. Audit: The hierarchical directors are required to design the authoritative procedures as well as required to survey the advancement and contrast them and the associations objectives. It is duty of the chiefs to guarantee the authoritative execution. This can be possibly accomplished when the supervisors recognize or foresee the issues in the hierarchical arrangement and builds up an alternate course of action appropriately. The authoritative directors of Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses have started a few advertising procedures that included extension of business and diversifying (Ferguson Plarre 2012). The Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses has been directed a few market overviews to know the preferences and inclinations of the clients and has endless supply of the dependable clients (for the most part the grandparents) and securing new clients (by and large the grandkids). 2.The Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses have consistently been a family possessed and worked business. The Ferguson family and the Plarre family have European roots while it set up its business in Australia around 110 years prior. It initiated its business in 1901 in Melbourne. The association kept on dealing with its business even in the extreme occasions during the World wars and the Great sorrow. The commitments of the families in the craft of baked good cooking urged the families to combine their organizations to become Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses in 1980 (Fergusonplarre.com.au 2017). Be that as it may, the fourth era of the Plarre family gained the matter of the Ferguson family in the year 2012. The Plarre family deals with the everyday business tasks of Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses. The bread kitchen keeps on giving predominant quality items and administrations alongside incredible advancements. The pastry kitchen is currently perceived for conveying treats, meat-pies, birthday cakes, wedding cakes and Tiddly Oggies. The bread kitchen is known to have an encounter of over 200 years and has been predictable in giving quality items and administrations to its clients. 3.The Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses has been led a few market studies to know the preferences and inclinations of the clients and has endless supply of the dedicated clients who are typically the grandparents and obtaining new clients who are generally the grandkids. The association has define its objectives as indicated by the prerequisites of the clients. The association targets extending its business by opening stores in a few areas and by utilizing the arrangement of diversifying. The association has centered upon the maintenance of their dedicated clients who are for the most part the grandparents and has planned for drawing in their grandkids into purchasing their items. The objective of the association is to give inventive and quality items and administrations to its clients (Fergusonplarre.com.au 2017). 4.The significant target of Ferguson Plarre has been consumer loyalty. Ferguson Plarre tracks is progress towards the accomplishment of its objectives by leading statistical surveying. The association has been connecting with its clients to improve the individual contacts with the dependable clients. The association has been directing a few market studies in which the clients were gotten some information about their encounters with Ferguson Plarre and what they anticipate from the pastry shop. The association has laid a lot of accentuation on the necessities of its clients and their preferences. The association has centered upon the maintenance of their dedicated clients who are mostly the grandparents and has planned for drawing in their grandkids into purchasing their items (Ferguson Plarre 2012). References: Dough puncher, M.J., 2014.Marketing methodology and the executives. Palgrave Macmillan. Stall, S.A., 2015.Crisis administration procedure: Competition and change in current endeavors. Routledge. Ferguson Plarre 2012, Interview with Steve Plarre, Part 3: Planning, Cengage Learning Australia. Fergusonplarre.com.au. (2017).Birthday Cakes, Celebration Cakes, Sweets Savories Online | Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses. [online] Available at: https://www.fergusonplarre.com.au/[Accessed 1 Jun. 2017]. Harper, C., 2015.Organizations: Structures, procedures and results. Routledge. Slope, C.W., Jones, G.R. what's more, Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic administration: hypothesis: a coordinated methodology. Cenga

Summary On Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince - 1109 Words

Chastity Kolmorgan History 111 The World: Antiquity-1500 Dr. Christopher Levesque Primary Secondary Source Evaluation Assignment - April 19, 2015 Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince and Ian Johnston’s Lecture on Machiavelli’s The Prince Niccolà ² Machiavelli, a Florentine, lived between the years of 1469-1527. In 1513, Machiavelli wrote The Prince and gifted it to the Medici family with the original title of About Principalities. He first dedicated the work to Giuliano de’ Medici and later to Lorenzo de’ Medici. It was a political critique that was later printed under the title of The Prince in 1532. The treatise was controversial due to Machiavelli’s lack of regard for the morality behind his advice. In his composition, he†¦show more content†¦Politics played a significant role in his life. They not only provided him with the experience, but the character and will, with which he wrote. Evidence of his republican attitude are prevalent in his other works on principalities and republics (Strauss 182). In Ian Johnston’s Lecture on Machiavelli’s The Prince, he asserts his belief that Machiavelli wrote his treatise with satirical intent. â€Å"...The book is, first and foremost, a satire, so that many of the things we find in it which are contradictory, morally absurd, and specious are there quite deliberately in order to ridicule two things-first, the Medici family itself and, second, the very notion of tyrannical rule embodied in the government of the Prince (hence, the satire has a firm moral purpose-to expose tyranny and promote republican government)† (Johnston Lecture on Machiavelli’s The Prince). Due to the immorality advocated for in Machiavelli’s writing, along with what is known of Machiavelli’s politics, individuals often succumb to one of two beliefs regarding The Prince. 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Agency costs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2139 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? 1.What are agency costs, and how are agency costs of financial distress different from agency benefits of leverage? Explain their impact on calculating the value of a firm with financial distress. Agency costs arise when conflicts of interest occur among stakeholders and must be paid out to an agent acting on behalf of a principal. There is an agency cost that exists in every business that has owners or shareholders and managers who are not necessarily owners. Agency cost means that shareholders and business managers may not necessarily agree on the actions that are best for the business firm and that there is an inherent cost to that disagreement. That leads to what is called the agency problem. When a firm has leverage, a conflict of interest exists if investment decisions have dissimilar consequences for the value of equity and the value of debt. These conflicts happen when there is a high concern of financial distress and can only arise when there is a chan ce that the firm will default. For example, if the firm managersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ actions are positive for the shareholders but negative for the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s creditors which, in turn, lowers the overall total value of the firm. Shareholders wish for management to run the company in a way that increases shareholder value. On the other hand, management may wish to grow the company in ways that capitalize on their personal power and goals that may not be in the best welfare of shareholders. Agency costs of financial distress are different from agency benefits of leverage because even though equity holders may benefit at the expense of debt holdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ from these negative NPV actions taken in times of distress, debt holders recognize this move and pay less for the debt when it is first issued, reducing the amount the firm can dole out to shareholders. The net result is a reduction in the initial share price of the firm corresponding to the negative NPV of the a ctions. Ultimately, it is the shareholders of the firm who swallow these agency costs. Agency costs represent an additional cost of growing the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s leverage that will affect the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s optimal capital structure choice. The costs increase with the risk, i.e., the amount of debt held by the firm. Here are some agency costs of leverage: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Excessive risk taking and asset substitution à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Debt overhang and under investment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Cashing out Debt maturity and covenants can help to mitigate the agency costs of debt. The degree of agency costs frequently depends on the maturity of debt. Agency costs are highest for long-term debt and smallest for short-term debt. Debt Covenants are conditions of writing a loan in which creditors place limitations on actions that a firm can take. Covenants may help to reduce agency costs; nonetheless, because covenants hinder management flexibility, they have the possibility to avert investment in positive NPV opportunities and can have costs of their own. 2.When securities are fairly priced, why would the original shareholders of a firm pay the present value of bankruptcy and financial distress costs? In the realm of finance, a security refers to any proof of ownership or debt that has been assigned a value and may be sold (The Street, 2014, 1). For the holder, a security represents an investment as an owner, creditor or rights to ownership on which the person hopes to gain profit, such as stocks, bonds or financial options (The Street, 2014, 1). When a company files for bankruptcy or faces a time of financial distress, every individual with a stake in that respective company à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" from employees to creditors to stockholders, etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" is essentially linked to the future of that company in terms of how a bankruptcy proceeding may unravel. As such, individuals who hold securities in certain companies have varying change s of getting repaid. It is in this capacity that original shareholders of a firm may pay the present value of bankruptcy and financial distress costs in order to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“curbà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  the effects that an escalating financial issue may have on individual stakeholders as well as the overarching company. Research has found that a shareholder in a company or firm à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" especially those who have signed on and been a part of that company since the beginning à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" hold a priority position in relation to assets of the debtor corporationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s estate and their ability or inability to realize on their interests and securities (Kelch, 1993, 264). Thus, when shareholders have been permitted to retain economic interests in debtor or financially unstable companies, those individuals maintain a respective say in what happens to that company, in other words, acting on good faith (Kelch, 1993, 264). 3.What are the dividend payment process an d the open-market repurchase process? In your answer, be sure to explain the effects they have in a perfect world. The dividend payment processes, or dividend payment procedures set a procedure that follows: declaration date; ex-dividend date; holder of record date; and payment date. Declaration date is the announcement that a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s overseeing board of directors has approved the payment of a dividend. The ex-dividend date is the date is the date upon which investors are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“cut offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  from receiving a dividend. For example, if an investor purchases a stock on the ex-dividend date, that investor will not receive the dividend, as this date is two business days before the holder-of-record date (Investopedia, 2014, 1). The ex-dividend date is important as from the day it is issued and forward, new stockholders will not receive a dividend, and as a result, the stock price of a company will be reflective of this. The holder of record date is the date upon which the stockholders who are able to receive the dividend are recognized. Finally, the payment date is the date upon which an actual dividend is paid out to the stockholders on record. The open-market repurchase process, on the other hand, is the reacquisition by a company of its own stock. Open market repurchases are legal transactions to reacquire a company which are generally encouraged by regulators to avoid instances of insider trading or liability. In terms of a repurchase, the open market method is largely considered to be the most common share method in the United States. In cases where this is an option, a firm or company will announce that it will repurchase some shares in the open market from time to time as market conditions dictate. In this capacity, a company or firm holds the upper hand in terms of repurchasing, as it will decide when, where, and how much of a company to repurchase, and this tactic can take upwards of months and years to be complet ed. 4.What are the benefits and drawbacks of accumulating cash balances rather than paying dividends and what effects do dividend policy have on this type of decision? Today, many companies are accumulating cash balances rather than paying dividends in the wake of an uncertain fiscal and economic future. As dividend policy is largely concerned with financial policies regarding paying cash dividends in the present or paying an increased dividend at a later stage, many companies remain uncertain about their respective statuses at this à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“later stageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in the game and are choosing to opt out of dividend policy all together. As dividend policy as well as the time and extent of these dividend policies must be chosen by a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s management team, various factors must be taken into account by these managerial higher-ups in order to impose dividend policy on the entirety of a company, often effecting stocks, shareholders, taxes, and the opt ion to gain or maintain securities. For many companies, the future is generally unstable and indeterminate, and as such, many companies are choosing a less-risky option, accumulating cash balances. CNBC notes that amid recent lackluster earning seasons, that featured many companies missing sales expectations, cash balances have swelled significantly, and corporations are now stowing away cash at record rates, reluctant to invest in their businesses or hire new workers as uncertainty continues to cloud the future (Cox, 2012, 1). This research, as well as an overarching uncertainty regarding the future of fiscal policy and economics in general in the United States and across much of the western world has found that many people are far less concerned about financial risks and are more concerned about the capacity for growth, both on an individual as well as a corporate level. In a post-recession environment, investors and businesses seem to be on a separate page, but both in underst anding as to why certain companies are holding onto cash. For instance, CNBC notes: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Thereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s this free-floating waiting period . . . waiting for certaintyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Cox, 2012, 1). 5.What impact does asymmetric information have on the optimal level of leverage? In your answer, be sure to describe the implications of adverse selection and the lemons principle for equity issuance, as well as the empirical implications. Asymmetric information is found in a situation in which one party in a transaction has more or superior information as compared to the other party in that transaction. For instance, asymmetric information can occur when a seller knows more than a buyer or vice versa, and such an instance can become harmful due to the fact that one party has the opportunity to take advantage of the other. In this case, the party with the increased level of information essentially has all the leverage in a financial deal, because he or she can ta ke the excess information into account and force the hand of the other member of the transaction, in effect. In this capacity, there comes a chance of adverse selection, in which undesirable results can occur when buyers and sellers possess the aforementioned asymmetric information, and because individuals have access to different information, undesirable products or services are more likely to be selected in the respective transaction. Also into play comes the lemons principle, which says that in the presence of people in a market who are ready to offer bad or inferior goods, these inferior goods tend to wipe a market out of existence if it isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t empirically possible to distinguish the good products from the bad. As such, if a seller is in a lemons situation, that seller has to send the right signals to the prospective buyers in order to distinguish oneself from others to gain a customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s confidence in the services and terms of an agreement tha t is being offered. In this manner, typically, good companies and products are able to distinguish themselves from the bad, empirically paying higher dividends, higher returns, and the like. 6.Compare and contrast mature profitable firms with stable cash flows with firms with higher risk (dependencies on economy) with unstable cash flows. What risks do they take in regards to leverage use, tax shields, and trading information between managers and investors? Mature profitable firms with stable cash flows are far more reliable in terms of fiscal and economic responsibility to shareholders than are higher risk firms with unstable cash flows. In certain situations, these high-risk firms, which are largely dependent upon the economy, have the ability to provide their shareholders with extreme levels of success and wealth, should the economy be in a state of influx and prosperity. In such cases, significant increases in cash flow allow shareholders to believe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" albe it irrationally à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" that these firms are extremely successful and will reap these kinds of benefits for years to come, essentially making their shareholders rich. However, such prosperous situations are not the norm, and occur only in situations of economic prosperity, which sets shareholders up for instances of exceeding loss as well as success, which can leave these shareholders only breaking even or finding themselves at a loss. As such, the more reliable investment appears to be the more reliable and stable companies, which bring in reasonable and steady cash flows over time. Just as a shareholder takes on a risk in becoming involved with these high-velocity companies, so do managers and higher-ups within these firms. For instance, taxation, trade and everyday business may seem easy enough when a company or firm is experiencing high levels of cash flow and success, but when this success goes away; companies like this are prone to implode upon themselves. As suc h, these times of uncertainty significantly harm investors, managers, employers and all shareholders, who exist at the mercy of a volatile company. References Cox, J. (2012). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Companies are sitting on more cash than ever before.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  CNBC. Web. Retrieved from: https://www.cnbc.com/id/49519419 on 23 May 2014. Investopedia. (2014). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dividend payment procedures.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Investopedia. Web. Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2863context=mlr on 23 May 2014. Kelch, T. (1993). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Shareholder control rights in bankruptcy.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Maryland Law Review, Web. Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent .cgi?article=2863context=mlr on 23 May 2014. The Street. (2014). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Securities Definition.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The Street. Web. Retrieved from: https://www.thestreet.com/topic/47042/securities.html on 23 May 2014. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Agency costs" essay for you Create order

A Public Health Nutritionist Dietician - 1435 Words

Introduction This essay describes a position for a Public Health Nutritionist Dietician working in Primary Health Care Outreach in West Arnhem Maningrida, Darwin and was advertised by the Northern Territory Government Department of Health position. The position of a Public Health Nutritionist Dietician working in rural or remote areas can be associated with many issues including working remotely and practising cultural safety. Dietician’s working in rural or remote locations are more likely to leave their jobs due to personal reasons, poor management and lack of dietetic staff, therefore increasing the workload of rural dieticians. Practising cultural safety has greater importance when working in rural areas due to the larger population†¦show more content†¦These personal reasons included lifestyle, personal issues, proximity to family and friends and social isolation. This is a welfare state issue as these health professionals personal issues such as social isolation are mental h ealth issues which could lead to impact on these employees with depression for example (Vogel, 2013; Brown, Williams Capra, 2010; Brown, Mitchell, Williams, Macdonald-Wicks, Capra, 2011). Poor management from direct line managers was also frequently linked to causing distress to dieticians due a lack of professional support and development. The study explained the low quality of management may be due to many managers having no background in allied health, reporting they did not understand or respect the dieticians’ needs. This issue relates to economic rationalism as the government system is not employing managers of rural dieticians to effectively support the rural health system (Brown, Williams, Capra, 2010; Brown, Mitchell, Williams, Macdonald-Wicks, Capra, 2011). Rural dietician’s workload compared dieticians working in the metropolitan is generally larger due to a lack of staff backfill. The Better Health Commission recommends the ratio of dieticians to the p atient population to be 14:1000 000, however the ratio is 12.4:100 000 in rural Australia which places a greater load of work onto the dietician, a Workforce Issues as work related stress in dieticians should be prevented (Wilson

Goals of Smart Specialisation

Question: Discuss about the Goals of Smart Specialisation. Answer: Introduction: In order to improve or work on the skills, the SMART goal will be to actually focus on using the limited resources and producing better results. This can only be achieved by working more effectively and with critical analysis of the situations or challenges I face during decision making (Worden, 2014). Action plan: The action plan will be to follow the same guidelines as per the required policies and assist others as well in developing key skills to achieve their goals (Foray and Goenaga, 2013). Plan would also include the encouragement to work as a team instead of work on individual basis. My plan to grow and develop My personal plan for developing myself and growing in my own position include hard work and through bringing some innovation in my field. This is how I can improve and grow more productively in my professional career. Hosts Comments: Working as a manager in this company has helped me a lot to grow and learn. Also, they provide a competitive environment which keeps challenging you to achieve your goals. References Foray, D. and Goenaga, X., 2013. The goals of smart specialisation.Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Worden, J.M., 2014.An analysis of training focused on improving SMART goal setting for specific employee groups. EDGEWOOD COLLEGE.

Solution to Land Pollution Essay Example

Solution to Land Pollution Paper Land pollution Land pollution is mainly caused by poor solid waste management. There are three answers to these environmental problems. YOU can Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. ; Reduction ; Reuse ; Recycle Reduction We can reduce the amount of waste that is produced by doing simple things like two-sided copying on paper and backyard composting. This will decrease the amount of waste that will be disposed of in landfills. The Government can raise awareness of the importance of reduction through campaigns and advertisements and encourage the public to participate actively in reduction strategies like waste exchange program. Reduction methods can have positive environmental impacts like conserving resources. [ Return TO TOP Another way to reduce the amount of waste produced is by reusing a product. We are reusing when we keep something and use them again for either the same or other purposes. When we go shopping at supermarkets, we can bring our own shopping bag to carry our groceries and cut down on he use of plastic bags. We can also bring our own lunchboxes to store our meals instead of disposing plastic containers after we use it. These are some simple ways that we can do to contribute. [ Return To Top ] Recycle Ever wondered where the can of coke, the bottle of lemon tea, or your homework goes to after being thrown into the bin? Well, in the process of recycling, waste materials are processed industrially and then reformed into new or similar products. We will write a custom essay sample on Solution to Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solution to Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solution to Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This helps us to renew our limited resources, and at the same time conserve the environment! Some of the waste materials that can be recycled are used paper, newspapers, plastic and glass bottles and aluminum cans. We should throw these waste materials into the appropriate recycling bins whenever we can, instead of throwing it into the rubbish bin.

William Goldings Running Theme

William Goldings Running Theme Free Online Research Papers Goldings Themes Outline Thesis: A running theme in William Goldings works is that man is savage at heart, always ultimately reverting back to an evil and primitive nature. I. The fall of man A. Lord of the Flies B. The Inheritors C. Free Fall D. Pincher Martin II. Golding as a theologian A. Lord of the Flies B. The Inheritors C. Pincher Martin III. Mans fear A. Lord of the Flies B. The Inheritors C. Pincher Martin IV. The island ________________________________________ Goldings Themes A running theme in William Goldings works is that man is savage at heart, always ultimately reverting back to an evil and primitive nature. The cycle of mans rise to power, or righteousness, and his inevitable fall from grace is an important point that Golding proves again and again in many of his works, often comparing man with characters from the Bible to give a more vivid picture of his descent. Golding symbolizes this fall in different manners, ranging from the illustration of the mentality of actual primitive man to the reflections of a corrupt seaman in purgatory. William Goldings first book, Lord of the Flies, is the story of a group of boys of different backgrounds who are marooned on an unknown island when their plane crashes. As the boys try to organize and formulate a plan to get rescued, they begin to separate and as a result of the dissension a band of savage tribal hunters is formed. Eventually the stranded boys in Lord of the Flies almost entirely shake off civilized behavior: (Riley 1: 119). When the confusion finally leads to a manhunt [for Ralph], the reader realizes that despite the strong sense of British character and civility that has been instilled in the youth throughout their lives, the boys have backpedaled and shown the underlying savage side existent in all humans. Golding senses that institutions and order imposed from without are temporary, but mans irrationality and urge for destruction are enduring (Riley 1: 119). The novel shows the reader how easy it is to revert back to the evil nature inherent in man. If a group of well-conditioned school boys can ultimately wind up committing various extreme travesties, one can imagine what adults, leaders of society, are capable of doing under the pressures of trying to maintain world relations. Lord of the Fliess apprehension of evil is such that it touches the nerve of contemporary horror as no english novel of its time has done; it takes us, through symbolism, into a world of active, proliferating evil which is seen, one feels, as the natural condition of man and which is bound to remind the reader of the vilest manifestations of Nazi regression (Riley 1: 120). Goldings primary goal in writing Lord of the Flies is to create a readable story that people can relate to that conveys the message that man always reverts back to his savage nature. When he wrote the novel, he was striving to move behind the conventional matter of the contemporary novel to a view of what man, or pre-man, is like when the facade of civilized behavior falls away (Riley 1: 119). The Inheritors is Goldings second book. The death of the leader of a small group of simple-minded Neanderthals reduces their number to seven and the people find themselves tossed into a world with few pictures. The people think in terms of pictures; they have not yet learned to think rational thoughts. Golding labeled the characters with such names as Fa, Lok, and Ha to emphasize the simplicity of the society. When a new tribe of more advanced people discover the Neanderthals, they see them as devils and try to kill them. However, the Neanderthals are too naive to realize the motives of the new people, and they are only confused when their members begin to disappear. In the end, all of the Neanderthals are dead except for one, and the new people are the inheritors of the earth. It is ironic that the more advanced people are considered to be ore advanced. The innocents are peaceful and the new people are aggressive; they have regressed to a more savage state than even the savages. The new people are our ancestors because their behavior matches that of the school boys in Lord of the Flies (Baker 19). The boys in Lord of the Flies hunted each other because they were separated by the conflict caused by different views on the existence of a monster; the new people in The Inheritors hunted the Neanderthals because they were monsters, or devils. Golding implies that the long course of evolution has brought no fundamental change in human nature. We are today essentially what we were in the past (Baker 19). In the Inheritors, man evolved backwards a step in terms of his savagery. Golding is making the statement that with each cycle of human evolution, the evil nature of man becomes more and more apparent. though we have inherited the earth, we remain hunters and rit ualists, using our weapons and incantations with the same seriousness and blind conceit that possessed the first of our kind (Baker 19). Both Lord of the flies and The Inheritors pit two tribes against one another to demonstrate that man is not a rational creature in control of his own destiny (Baker 19). At the conclusion of The Inheritors, one of the tribal leaders of the new men is rationalizing the murder of the innocents just as the boys in Lord of the Flies rationalize their manhunt as just a game (Baker 24). This is another example of Goldings integration of the darkness of mans heart into his novels. None of the characters take responsibility for their wrongdoings. The last scene in The Inheritors is of the inheritors sailing away on a huge lake. A vast isolated lake on which a few lost souls are sailing aimlessly provides a vivid image of the lonely, directionless state of man. This is the symbol Golding chose to use to illustrate the hopelessness and emptiness of mans hear t. The one Neanderthal that remained living after the ordeal in The Inheritors was a newborn child. One of the women in the new tribe adopted the child as her own because she had lost a child on their journey. This action is demonstrative of the hypocrisy of which the inheritors are guilty. They killed the simple savages because they were monsters, and yet they toss this devil into their society to make up for the loss of a single life. This is another example of the human selfishness which Golding so loathed and strove to point out in his works. Goldings third novel, Free Fall, deals with the fall of man in terms of patterns. The novel is about Sammy Mountjoy, an artist who flounders with the origins of his loneliness and unhappiness. Sammy is somewhat of a contemptible man; he badly exploits his lover and toys with the minds of the people around him. He lived a peaceful childhood, but like Golding, felt isolated at times. Mountjoy looks back on his adolescent years and tries to make the connection between his serene youth and his stormy adulthood. There is no connection between the uncommitted boy and the self-concious fallen man (Baker 60). Golding believes that life is natural and patternless and that it remains so until men intervene and press their patterns upon it. Mans mistake is that he fails to realize this patternlessness and invariably goes arrogantly about his life without any idea of his transgression. golding said in an interview by Owen Webster that learning to live fearlessly with the natural chaos of existen ce, without forcing artificial patterns on it is the basic problem of man (Baker 56). The very title of the novel Free Fall even suggests the fall of man. Pincher Martin is Goldings first actual exploration of the after-life of a fallen man. In the novel, Lieutenant Christopher Hadley Martin, of the Royal Navy, is on the verge of killing a fellow officer while in the North Atlantic on convoy duty during World War II when a torpedo fired by the opposition strikes his ship. Martin is thrown overboard and is apparently marooned on a rock jutting out of the ocean. He remains there for seven days reflecting on his life and is finally washed off of the rock in a storm. It is at this point that he seems to die. At the end of the novel, it becomes evident to the reader that Martin has not actually been marooned on the rock for seven days, but that that was actually a hallucination of his soul. There are two basic theories as to what actually happened. In the first, Martin experiences a flashback and his life flashes before his eyes. The second theory is that his soul is in purgatory before he realizes that he is no longer alive. In any event, his body ceased to live instantly after he was thrown from the ship. Christopher Martin was, indeed, a pincher, and Golding nicknamed the man accordingly. Martin pilfered things from other people and while he was in purgatory (that is the more popular theory among critics), he was relieved of these items, at least in spirit. He was a corrupt man and this is multiplied by the fact that just before he was killed, he was plotting and attempting to carry out the murder of one of his peers. Had Golding chosen to dash a clergyman with an immaculate soul to death on the rocks, the illustration of mans malevolent roots would not have been nearly as vivid. The priest would perhaps have seen the times in his life that he had thought ill things towards others, among other trifling sins, but the image is not quite as clear as the one of a man who cheats people, is covetous, and is an overall unrepentant sinner. Golding created a character with whom many readers can identify, although on a ower level, and this is how he makes the point in Pincher Martin that man i s ultimately evil. Frank Kermode stated in an interview with Golding that the struggle on the rock is of mythical proportion in that Martin, an arch-sinner, represents fallen man' (Baker 37). In reply, Golding said that Martin is very much fallen Hes fallen more than most. In fact, I went out of my way to damn Pincher as much as I could by making him the nastiest type I could think of, and I was very interested to see how critics all over the place said, Well yes, we are like that' (Baker 37). Pincher Martin brought his suffering and damnation upon himself because he refused to admit that there was a power above him. Christopher Martins soul tries to survive on its own terms, and it pays for this conceit by perpetuating the misery it knew in life (Baker 45). This arrogance is another of the personality flaws in humans that inhibits their true rise to righteousness. Mankind tends to think we are at the top of the food chain and we are the most evolved species, therefore we have to answer to no one, and Golding proves this attitude wrong by making Christopher Martin answer to himself. In his first three books, Lord of the Flies, Pincher Martin, and Free Fall, Golding employed traditional form and contributed to the impression that he was a deeply traditional thinker (Baker xvi). Many critics thought of Golding as an old-fashioned Christian moralist while others felt that he was an existentialist (Baker xvii). Goldings reputation as a staunch Christian* is supported by his inclusion of Christian symbols and motifs in his works. In Lord of the Flies, Simon is a peaceful lad who tries to show the boys that there is no monster on the island except the fears that the boys have. Simon tries to state the truth: there is a beast, but its only us' (Baker 11). When he makes this revelation, he is ridiculed. This is an uncanny parallel to the misunderstanding that Christ had to deal with throughout his life. Later in the story, the savage hunters are chasing a pig. Once they kill the game, they erect its head on a stick and Simon experiences an epiphany in which he sees the perennial fall which is the central reality of our history: the defeat of reason and the release of madness in souls wounded by fear (Baker 12). As Simon rushes to the campfire to tell the boys of his discovery, he is hit in the side with a spear, his prophecy rejected and the word he wished to spread ignored. Simon falls to the ground dead and is described as beautiful and pure. The description of his death, the manner in which he died, and the c ause for which he died are remarkably similar to the circumstances of Christs life and ultimate demise. The major inconsistency is that Christ died on the cross, while Simon was speared. However, a reader familiar with the Bible recalls that Christ was stabbed in the side with a a spear before his crucifixion. In The Inheritors, the child that remains living after the rest of the Neanderthals are dead is hesitantly adopted into the Homo Sapien society despite the fact that it is an outcast. It is different, pure, and is not readily accepted by the new people. This rejection of something different symbolizes the rejection that Christ faced daily. The fact that the child was brought into the society despite its differences is representative of the attitudes of people who did accept Christ. The murders of the primitive men in The Inheritors symbolizes the end of an era. The time of innocence has ended at the hands of a devious, evil people. The Homo Sapiens assumed that the Neanderthals were evil without first carefully observing them to discover what their true nature was. The first fearful reaction of the new people was to kill the outcasts because they were different. Jesus Christ walked the Earth as a different type of man. His holiness was a threat to the scribes and Pharisees and so they had him killed without first carefully observing what his true nature was. Golding, a historian, was aware of this when he wrote The Inheritors and he included the parallel not only to indicate to readers mans general lack of ability to accept others, but to trace this shortcoming back to mans roots. In Pincher Martin, Martin was stranded on the island (or in purgatory) for a period of seven days. Over this time, he considered the elements of which he was composed. The duration of seven days as well as the reflection of Martins evil origins parallel the Biblical portrayal of the creation of man. Golding parallels stories from the Bible, particularly the persecution and crucifixion of Christ, to compare humans to a more Godly man. The comparison and the ultimate dethroning of the Christ-figure, or the failure by man, in the Biblical situation shows the vile state of the human race as perceived by Golding. Many of William Goldings works discuss, in some context, mans capacity for fear and cowardice. In Lord of the Flies, the boys on the island first encounter a natural fear of being stranded on an uncharted island without the counsel of adults. Once the boys begin to organize and begin to feel more adult-like themselves, the fear of monsters takes over. It is understandable that boys ranging in ages from toddlers to young teenagers would have fears of monsters, especially when it is taken into consideration that the children are stranded on the island. Golding wishes to show, however, that fear is an emotion that is instinctive and active in humans from the very beginnings of their lives. This revelation uncovers another weakness in man, supporting Goldings belief that man is pathetic and savage at the very core of his existence. Throughout the novel, there is a struggle for power between two groups. This struggle illustrates mans fear of losing control, which is another example of his selfishness and weakness. The fear of monsters is natural; the fear of losing power is inherited. Golding uses these vices to prove the point that any type of uncontrolled fear contributes to mans instability and will ultimately lead to his [mans] demise spiritually and perhaps even physically. The primary fear that Golding discusses in The Inheritors is the fear of monsters. The new people viewed the Neanderthals as devils and killed them accordingly. The inheritors reaction to their terror was not thought out; the message that Golding wishes to convey is that fear often leads man to hasty and often unwise decisions. Humans cannot control their fear, and this supports Goldings idea that man is not in control of his own destiny, as he would like to believe. Christopher Martin, in Pincher Martin, was afraid of a higher power. There were no monsters for him to fear and losing his power is not a concern he holds; he is secure in his position as a lieutenant in the Navy. He does, however, refuse to admit that a controlling power greater than himself exists. A refusal to admit something is often indicative of fear. For example, alcoholics frequently deny their drinking problems because they are afraid of the consequences. The same is true of Pincher Martin and his theory that he is in control of his life. A defamation such as the one Martin would face if he admitted that he was not almighty would be degrading to him, and the inferiority complex that could result is not a pleasant thought to him. Golding wishes to expose the evils of arrogance and self-centeredness. If one feels that he has no higher power to answer to, his principles will sink lower and lower. Martin cheated people throughout his life and eventually wound up plotting to kill a man. Golding incorporates into his his work many islands. The island is an important symbol in all of Goldings works. It suggests the isolation of man in a frightening and mysterious cosmos, and the futility of his attempt to create an ordered preserve for himself in an otherwise patternless world (Baker 26). The island in Lord of the Flies is the actual island; it is not simply an island, though. It is a microcosm of life itself, the adult world, and the human struggle with his own loneliness. In The Inheritors, the island is more metaphorical. The fact that the original tribe of people are the last of the Neanderthals isolates them. The primitives are unable to link their metaphorical island with its respective mainland because they lack the common physical and mental characteristics that the new people possess. Christopher Martins soul (and apparently for a little while, at least, his body) is abandoned on the protruding rock in the ocean. This separates him from the physical adn spiri tual worlds so that his sparates him from the physical adn spiritual worlds so that his soul can process his situation and torment itself in privacy. Left alone on the island of the self, man discovers the reality of his own dark heart, and what he discovers is too abominable for him to endure. At the highest pitch of terror he makes the only gesture he can make a raw, instinctive appeal for help, for rescue (Baker 67). William Goldings popular theme that man is, and always has been, essentially evil by nature is apparent in many of his works. Man grows more savage at heart as he evolves because of his cowardice and his quest for power. Golding proves this by throwing together opposing forces (whether the forces be two tribes of conflicting boys or the inner conflict of a condemned man) into a situation that dowses them with power struggles and frightening situations. By comparing mankind in general to Biblical characters in similar scenarios, Golding provides images of the darker side of man. This darker side of mans nature inevitably wins and man is proven to be a pathetic race that refuses to accept responsibility for its shortcomings. ________________________________________ * It has been brought to my attention that Golding was apparently not Christian, but was Jewish. I havent looked further into this yet, but I recommend that you do so, so that you do not write a false statement in a paper, as I apparently did. _____________________________________ Baker, James R. William Golding, A Critical Study. New York: St. Martins Press, 1965. Golding, William. Free Fall. London: Faber and Faber, 1959. Golding, William. Lord of the Flies. New York: Harcourt, 1962. Golding, William. The Inheritors. New York: Harcourt, 1962. Riley, Carolyn, ed. Vol. 1 of Contemporary Literary Criticism. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1973. ________________________________________ Upon looking back at this paper a year after writing it, Im almost ashamed to have put out a work so shabby and incomplete, but Im publishing it nonetheless, with the hopes that it will benefit someone. Feel free to use anything you deem applicable to your endeavors, but please dont steal my work. Research Papers on William Golding's Running ThemeThe Hockey GameWhere Wild and West MeetThe Spring and AutumnComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Emerging issues in environmental disaster management Essay

Emerging issues in environmental disaster management - Essay Example The way the US Coast Guard was able to function in such times of emergency speaks for itself about the efficient organization and working system of the agency, and the impact it has had and will continue to have on the lives ofmillions of Americans.Disaster management is a system of relief operations carried out in lieu of any natural or human-afflicted disasters in the country. These operations can be carried out either before or after a disaster strikes. When they are carried before the calamity, they are in the nature of preparing the people for it, and often involve evacuating the pertinent area. In the case of post-disaster operations, they are mostly concerned with the relief and rehabilitation of the stricken area and people, and often involve medical and housing facilities, and the sheltering of the evacuees. Many agencies and organizations, both governmental and non- governmental, have to work in a highly coordinated manner to bring about these measures. There is a high leve l of internal and external organization in and among these organizations respectively to achieve a high degree of efficiency that is a prerequisite for emergency control and management. These organizations can be at city, state or federal level, depending upon the nature and the need of the agency, and also upon the scope and limits of its operations. This paper focuses on the United States Coast Guard and its workings. The United States Coast Guard had its inception on January 28, 1915. ... coasts and inland maritime region. Although originally operating under the Department of Homeland Security, the Coast Guard, under special circumstances, can also serve the Department of Defense and the Department of the Navy. It embodies the motto Semper Paratus, which means "Always Ready". History: the history of the United States Coast Guard can be divided into two broad factions; the early history, that is before the formal inception of the modern Coast Guard authority, and that of post-modern Coast Guard inception. The early history can be traced back to the 1970s. On the 4rth of August, 1970, the Tariff Act by the Congress authorized the construction of ten vessels, or cutters, with the recruitment of 100 revenue officers, to maintain US maritime laws in the waterways, coordinate the marine taxes and prevent smuggling. This service was known as the Revenue Cutter Service or the Revenue Marine. In 1915, when the Cutter Service was combined with the Life-Saving Service, the organization received the present name of the United States Coast Guard. At that point, it was the single service dealing with both the enforcement of law and the service of personal protection and life saving in the waterways. In 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt transferred the Lighthouse Service to the Coast Guard, so that now the Coast Guard had to carry out maritime navigation and the operation of the country's lighthouses along with its other jobs. But that

Factors Involved in Fraud Cases with External Auditors Essay

Factors Involved in Fraud Cases with External Auditors - Essay Example As financial statements represent the functioning of the management, it is essential to maintain authenticity and reliability for avoiding fraudulent actions, while preparing such reports. The auditors express their views associated with the maintenance of authenticity and transparency by the management. They have been given the authority to assess these financial statements of organizations in order to judge the transparency of such information. They gather evidences in order to assure that the figures appearing in financial statements do not include material misstatement. The credibility of such reports is incremented by means of the audit process carried out by the auditors. These reports audited by auditors have huge impact on the decisions of investors, bankers, creditors and other stakeholders. The economy is struggling hard for recovering from a tumultuous situation which is infested with severe corporate scandals associated with misconduct of the auditors which have resulted in losing investor’s confidence. Presently, greater emphasis is given on improving the credibility, accountability, transparency and trust associated with the information provided in financial statements (Romero, 2010). The present structure involved in the audit process seems to be very problematic. Most of the big organizations generally pay their auditors by means of a third party known as the ‘audit system’. There are cases where clients make these payments directly to the auditors. In such cases, there is an added incentive paid by the clients to the auditors for delivering favourable news. Now the question which arises is whether such actions affect the real performance of auditors or influence them to lose their independence (Cooper & Neu, 2006). Actually, it does affect the real performance of auditors, thereby reducing the transparency and authenticity of the information in their audit reports. The auditors manipulate the figures in these financial state ments in order to earn high incentives. This has become one of the most remarkable issues requiring urgent attention in the present scenario. The thesis would be conducted on the topic, ‘Factors involved in fraud cases with external Auditors’. It would be done by dividing the entire analysis into three segments. The study would highlight that the auditors are influenced in three different ways: conflict in interest, double positioning threat and finally, the familiarity threat. Analysis Conflict in Interest The auditor’s independence is the major area of concern in this study. It is known that the managers have an interest in misrepresenting, exaggerating or manipulating the information provided in the financial statements of organizations. It is expected that an independent audit report must provide unbiased and credible appraisal related to the financial status of an organization. The significance of the auditor’s independence has been shown in American Institute of Certified Public Accountants’ (AICPA’s) Code of Professional Ethics. It has been made mandatory by various legal decisions, which are provided by the Supreme Court of United States, in their opening quote. Recently, there was a series of events which has raised questions regarding the independence involved in the present practices related to accounting.  

Show How Shakespeare Uses The Supernatural To Develop Macbeths Character Essay Example for Free

Show How Shakespeare Uses The Supernatural To Develop Macbeths Character Essay Shakespeare has written five tragedies, and Macbeth was his shortest. It was written between the years 1603-1606 during Elizabethan/Jacobean times which was when James I came to the throne. It was written and performed to James I as he was already James IV/V of Scotland and reputedly a descendant of Banquo; it is widely accepted that there is an element of truth in the story. At these times there was a strong belief in the supernatural and the fact that the devil was real and could come before anyone or send sub-devils instead, in the case of Macbeth it was the witches. This belief and use of dark magic in the play helps to show us key aspects of Macbeths development throughout the play. Before Macbeth even meets the witches in act 1 scene 3, we see how capable of evil they are, Weary sennights nine times nine shall he dwindle, peak and pine. They sent a storm upon a man and his whole crew when they were at sea, just because his wife refused to share her chestnuts with one of the, the witches are capable of trickery and dont tell the whole truth. When Macbeth enters the scene, he is with Banquo and they have just won in battle; we see that Macbeth is proud of victory because he didnt care that the weather is so bad So foul and fair a day I have not seen. Banquo realises that the witches are supernatural beings from the first moment and is wearier to trust them than Macbeth, What are these that do not look like thinhabitants of o th earth. Macbeth realises that this must mean they do have powers of some sort and must be able to see the future. He hears the idea of him being Thane of Cawdor and then King, and he is inclined to believe them because they knew he was Thane of Glamis. He is very easily persuaded and you can tell that the idea of being king was planted quite firmly into his mind You greet with present grace and great prediction of noble having, and royal hope. He is open to suggestion and is deeply affected. Upon hearing the prophecy, Macbeth questions the witches further, eager for more news, Speak then to me, who neither beg nor fear your favours nor your hate. Hence the three witches move on to making a prophecy for Banquo, Lesser than Macbeth, and greater Banquo and Macbeth hail all. The witches have begun to play mind games with both Macbeth and Banquo because they are seemingly not making sense. After this, Macbeth begins to question the witches because it contradicts the prophecy made about him, how can Banquo father kings of he isnt one himself? Speak I charge you! but the witches vanish, leaving confusion and soon to be murder in their wake. Macbeth soon dismisses his doubts however, as the idea of so much power is so appealing to him and the suggestions of the prophecy stay with both of the men long after the witches have left Macbeth says: Your children shall be kings, and Banquo replies: You shall be king. After having heard Banquo say this, Macbeth is now certain upon which path to take. Macbeth was a proud and loyal soldier who was fond of King Duncan up until this point. Everyone did bear thy praises in his great defence, and when the messengers go on to tell him he has become thane of Cawdor, he interprets this coincidence as a supernatural confirmation. He adopts the frame of mind two down, one to go and expects more greatness to come his way, Glamis, and thane of Cawdor. The greatest is behind. In the asides he thinks of further ways to become king. He weighs up the good and evil represented by the witches prophecy because he has realised Banquo is afraid he might do something bad or scary this supernatural soliciting cannot be ill, cannot be good. The good point that came from this was that he became Thane of Cawdor but the evil over powers him and he finds himself considering murdering Duncan for the first time, Why do I yield to that suggestion whose horrid image doth unfix my hair. This new idea that is planted in Macbeths head is not the witches doing this time, but the creation of his own self. He has not however had murderous thoughts towards Banquo yet, presuming that he is thinking the same and wants to share this gruesome experience, Think upon what hath chancd, and at more time let us speak our free hearts each to other. The famous dagger scene (act two scene one) reveals a lot about Macbeths character and also how much he has changed due to his supernatural experiences. Before Banquo departs from Macbeth he makes it clear that he remains unaffected by the prophecy even though he has had the same experience of the supernatural as Macbeth, yet he has still managed to resist evil; But I still keep my boson franchised and allegiance clear. This suits Macbeth very well because he wanted to change the subject, I think not of them, whilst in fact he is, and didnt want Banquo to have these thoughts on his mind while the murder is being committed. Soon after the departure of Banquo, Macbeth experiences a second supernatural event, Is this a dagger I see before me? The dagger seems to be a product of Macbeths own imagination or else he may be supernaturally bewitched. He sees the dagger and wants to grab it, seeing it as signalling him towards what he is about to do, and his wanting to clutch it shows how willing he is to commit murder. Come let me clutch thee, I have thee not yet I see thee still. He becomes very open to suggestion and blames his fevered state on the sin he is about to carry out, Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible. He begins to doubt his perception of the dagger but he still tries to touch it and when he cannot, yet still can see it before him, he interprets the meaning for himself, Thou marshalst me the way I was going. Macbeth was longing for approval, and he imagines the dagger point towards Duncans room, a sign he has indeed set on the right path. He repeatedly mentions the fact that he cannot touch the dagger but he can still see it, thus it must be real. Mine eyes are made the fools o the other senses. He suddenly sees the apparition of the dagger in a different way, And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood. Giving the impression it has been used already. It is the beginning of a very dark and powerful supernatural passage. The witches have enabled him to find a murderous streak within his own nature. At first he would never have considered murder or treachery and now hes ready to kill King Duncan in order to get to the throne. It is the middle of the night and the time is right for murder, Now oer one half world nature seems dead and wicked dreams abuse. Everything seems still and dead and spells are best cast during this time when supernatural thingas happen. It is a full moon (A.K.A witches moon in this era) and Macbeth takes it as another sign, he summons the supernatural power of witchcrafts to give himself strength and asks Hecate to grant mortals their hearts desires Witchcraft celebrates pale Hecates offerings. He hears a wolf howl and he feels that the coast is clear for murder, the wolf acts like a night watchman, Whose howls his watch. As he gets ready to set off for the murder, he longs for secrecy to hide the actions he is about to commit because he knows he is forcing the prophecy to come true by unnatural and evil means Moves like a ghost Macbeth realises he is talking and not acting he doesnt want to talk himself out of the murder because he knows at heart that he has changed so much due to this wicked prophecy. But the dagger encourages him onwards, Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives. He hears a bell as his last and final signal but it is like a death bell for Duncan and Macbeth doesnt care if Duncan goes to heaven or to hell, he just needs him out of the way, The bell invites me that summons thee to heaven or hell. In conclusion it could be said that Macbeths character has developed and changed dramatically through the course of the play. The supernatural encounters that he experienced show us complex aspects of Macbeths character and how he went from loyal and fond of King Duncan to murderous and a liar. Macbeth ended up dieing due to his arrogance and high ambitions and Shakespeare uses this theme to say that a small idea that gets planted into your mind can grow into something big and dangerous.

Federalist 10 Essay -- essays papers

Federalist 10 Liberty. This word means many things to many people. There is no way to distinctly define the term without leaving someone's crucial point of view out of the equation. One person might say that anarchy would be the only way to have complete and utter freedom, while others would go as far as to believe a controlled communist government is the best route to achieving liberation. Factions (a group of people who agree on certain topics) are inevitable, due to the nature of man. As long as men hold different opinions, have different amounts of wealth, and own different amount of property, they will continue to fraternize with people who are most similar to them. In Federalist #10, James Madison summed up factions eloquently stating that â€Å"Liberty is faction, what air is to fire, an ailment without which it instantly expires.† The government created by the Constitution controls the damage caused by such factions. The likelihood that public office will be held by qualified men is greater in large countries because there will be more representative chosen by a greater number of citizens. Power is distributed in a checks and balance format, mak ing it difficult for factions to completely take over. Madison’s views on faction are still relevant and exercised frequently even after 200 years have passed. James Madison’s most amazing political prediction, contained within the pages of Federalist 10, was that the United States being so large and having such a wi... Federalist 10 Essay -- essays papers Federalist 10 Liberty. This word means many things to many people. There is no way to distinctly define the term without leaving someone's crucial point of view out of the equation. One person might say that anarchy would be the only way to have complete and utter freedom, while others would go as far as to believe a controlled communist government is the best route to achieving liberation. Factions (a group of people who agree on certain topics) are inevitable, due to the nature of man. As long as men hold different opinions, have different amounts of wealth, and own different amount of property, they will continue to fraternize with people who are most similar to them. In Federalist #10, James Madison summed up factions eloquently stating that â€Å"Liberty is faction, what air is to fire, an ailment without which it instantly expires.† The government created by the Constitution controls the damage caused by such factions. The likelihood that public office will be held by qualified men is greater in large countries because there will be more representative chosen by a greater number of citizens. Power is distributed in a checks and balance format, mak ing it difficult for factions to completely take over. Madison’s views on faction are still relevant and exercised frequently even after 200 years have passed. James Madison’s most amazing political prediction, contained within the pages of Federalist 10, was that the United States being so large and having such a wi...

Cannibalization

Cannibalization Assignment Your choice of line extension (Allround +) which of the line extensions do you believe will have the least degree of cannibalization and why? We chose the 12-hour multi-symptom capsule because it will have the least amount of cannibalization because our product right now only works for 4 hours. We will reach a new market of customers and it won’t hurt our market with our Allround product. The capsules are also different because they are easier to carry around so that will reach different customers.The degree to which you believe the sales of your choice of line extension will come from your current core product (Allround). We believe that our new product, Allround +, won’t take much of the sales revenue from our current product Allround. The products tend to customers in different markets and customers looking for different things in their OTC medicines. We do, however, believe that Allround will help Allround + get sales because of how well k nown the Allround brand is and how respectable our company is.What options do you have to minimize the degree of cannibalization of the line extension? We could try to position them on the shelf in different areas so that customers don’t have to choose between the two products. We could position the new Allround + next to the Extra brand because then it would be in competition with that brand instead of competition with our Allround. This would also be good because in our marketing plan we discussed that our biggest competitor is Ethik so that would go in line with competing with them.We could also market to different kinds of customers. With the Allround + product, we could market to more active people that are out all day that need the 12 hours of help and with Allround we could just market to parents of children who are at home all day where it doesn’t matter if you took several doses a day. Another option would be to make the Allround + product a little more expens ive because it lasts so much longer and is more efficient. This would cause there to be two different types of customers who are buying the different products.

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